16: Miscellaneous Data: Applied Load: Tensile: lb?Nominal K-factor: 25. Editor: J. Stainless Alloy 17-7PH: 11. T = 1 \text { mm} T = 1 mm. g = Acceleration due to gravity (value of g is 9. factor in service. 04 Type of Fitting K Value Disk or Wobble Meter 3. 4301/1. 8 kg. 65% max), silicon (0. 33 K factor 0. Deflector. 8 Square Head;. i use inventor and have now got astoundingly accurate components to these k factors. Our emphasis is on steel, iron alloys and materials related to steelmaking and the processing of steel, such as refractories and slags. Let’s start with 90 degrees bend which is the most simple. The following are Typical C factors used in the Hazen. Another way to calculate this value is with the K-factor or Y-factor. Thermal insulance has the units [ (m 2 . Italian / italiano. The constant volume law. Choose the appropriate sheet metal gauge table. Simple gauge tables have K-Factor, gauge values, gauge thicknesses, and available radii. Bend allowance chart for SPCC (mild steel) 2. F = μkN F = μ k N. The pressure drop calculations. ASME. Thread: 15mm (1/2") NPT, (BSPT optional) K-factor: 115 (8. Finish. tK = tC + 273. Care was taken to include as much information as possible about stainless steel flat products used throughout Europe, for the informatio n of the user: • Chemical and physical properties are in accordance with EN 10088-1:2005 • Mechanical properties are in accordanc e with EN 10088-2:2005, except for heThe thickness of sheet metal is also an important factor, and it can range from extremely thin to several centimeters. 1 ~ 1. 0 ±5% 2. Pipe Entrance Inward Projecting 0. 00 Energy Electricity Country Canada kWh 10%0. 79. [1] It is a measure of the rate of heat transfer inside a material. where . R = inside bend radius. Choose Installation Type. R. The K factor. The main factor causing pitting corrosion is the breakdown of the passivity layer (i. 81. Base part number is shown. The K-factor (usually between 0. The maximum temperature increase relative to the environment inside the enclosure can be determined from the following equation: (Ti-Tu) = Qv / (k*A) Where:The results demonstrate that, generally, Nitinol K wires have a shorter life for the same applied stress than the stainless steel or titanium wires. 1 11. K = nut factor. phosphor-bronze, stainless steel, and K-Monel. 6–0. Lodgement Spring: Stainless Steel Pin: Stainless Steel Cup: Steel Cover Plate: Steel Installation Wrench: Ductile Iron Cover Plate Finishes: • Chrome plated • White painted •. The alloy resists oxidation to 1500°F (816°C) and has higher creep and stress rupture properties than alloys 304 and 304L. g = Universal Gravitational constant. 2) Technical Data Sheet. For TMT steel bars, it is 7850 kg/m3. /°F or mm/mm/°C. The tables below can be used to estimate friction loss or pressure drop for water flowing through ASME/ANSI B36. Dry Torque) Partially Lubricated Bolts; Properly Lubricated Bolts; But before we talk about these items, or get to our torque chart, it is imperative you understand the working definition of K-Factor (or “Nut Factor”). Other applications include fasteners and screens for the mining industry. 5. 2 ext { m}^2 A= 1. We have already agreed that the K-Factor will be constant at 0. Titanium had a longer life at low stresses compared with stainless steel, and stainless steel had a longer life at higher stresses. The tool can calculate the required bending force for bending aluminum, stainless steel, mild steel, and Weldox® or Strenx® high-strength steels. What K Factor. K Factor: 5. 3 applications in excess of the 500psi (34. 3 - 1. Stainless Steel 316 . From the part’s edge, dimples. 1. Where available, full property information can be viewed for materials including chemical composition, mechanical properties, physical properties, advanced property. Food grade anti-seize compounds are manufactured from white oil and include extreme pressure (EP) additives. , the temperature difference, ΔT): h = q / (Ts - K) where: q: amount of heat required (Heat Flux), W/m2 i. Therefore, the potential energy is smaller by a factor of 10. The coefficient of static friction for steel is around 0. It can be used in certain chemical applications due to its resistance to nitric acid. Bolting torque to develop 50% Bolt Yield Stress at Nut Factor, K=0. R. The heat transfer coefficient is the proportionality coefficient between the heat flux and the thermodynamic driving force for the flow of heat (i. When pressure is measured in kPa, divide the metric K-factor shown by 10. In our case, we will use the table for ALUMINUM-INCH. (oF) Thermal Expansion. Although, reliable sources (mentioned at the reference section) has been used for compiling the above COF table but still the values shown are approximate only. 1 A36 Steel 3/8” less than 60 53. The K-factor is the ratio between the the neutral axis to the thickness of the material. We use cookies to enhance your experience. The bend test is obtained around a diameter of the bend factor multiplied by the steel thickness. Steel Hex Locknut Steel Hex Flange Nut Grade C FNL Grade 9 Grade F Grade G Clamp Load (lbs. Transition: 5 < u*ε/ν ≤ 70. a. The K factor is defined as the ratio of the thickness of a material to the length from the neutrality bend line to the inner bend radius. They also have excellent toughness and can be used in the food, marine, chemical and architectural fields. 01 (m) and Reynolds number Re = 10 7 - the relative rougness can be calculated as. 678 W/m 2 K = 4. Stainless Steel: 304ss, 316ss, 410ss. 33 K factor 0. Metal. Note 1: The bend radius you select may not be available if the geometry of the part will not allow us to bend with the specific tooling required to achieve that radius. 1% carbon by weight and is known for its high strength, hardness, and ductility. 67 @ 200ºF. Pipe Material e (mm) e (ft) Glass, drawn brass, copper (new) 0. stainless steel end of the tube at 1600°F (871°C) and exits the 5% chromium steel end of the tube at 800°F (427°C). Bulletin 182. Several points here. 1 For K-Factor when pressure is measured in bar, multiply S. . This table combines the bend allowance and bend deduction table so you can specify gauge values. Stainless Steel 404. 17 K = 0. There is a direct relationship between sheet metal bend allowance and the K-factor. 012". The above Table is applicable only for ASTM A320 Grade B8, Class 2 and A193 Grade B8, Class 2 Stud Bolts. Nature of the grain boundary and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) The grain boundary energy in type 304 stainless steel is known ( Murr 1975) to vary from 20 to 835 mJ/m 2. NPT sprinkler joint should be obtained with a torque ofThe “K” factor variation ranging from 0. Common values for metals and alloys are in the range of 10 to 30×10 –6 /K (5. Fluid Velocity: 3 m/s: Fluid Density: 1000 kg/m 3: Friction Factor: 0. 20: Zinc-Plated: 0. Relative roughness can be expressed as. It aids the determination of the exact materials required before trimming portions of the sheet metal and is also useful. We will assume a turbulent flow and k s = 1mm (concrete). Source: STEEL PRODUCTS MANUAL, STAINLESS AND HEAT RE-SISTING STEELS, DECEMBER 1974, American Iron andThe K values given below are for making estimates of friction loss in cases not covered in the previous tables. 0015 : 0. Show advanced filters Hide advanced filters. In a part, click Insert > Sheet Metal > Bend Table > New. 88 x Fn for music wire. 141). BA = A 360 × 2π(R + K × Mt) B A = A 360 × 2 π ( R + K × M t) BA = Bend Allowance, A = Bend Angle, R = Internal Radius, K = K-factor. 0 : 0. com Get a Quote: [email protected] = 0. 027652 (0. The constant volume law governs the bending process, the bend material particles distribution, and deformation types are also crucial for this process. M Faires). The inside radii are based off of a standard Air Bend Force Chart. The chemical compositions (in mass%) of these four types of stainless steels are shown in Table 1. Subcategory: Ferrous Metal; Metal; Stainless Steel; T 300 Series Stainless Steel Key Words: UNS S31600, SS316, 316SS, AISI 316, DIN 1. Stainless Steel 90 D: Gasket, Flange, Fastener as a System. Here are the steps to be followed to calculate sheet metal flat length: Step-1: Enter Flange Length, Internal Radius, and thickness values. 17 found in seemingly identical fasteners here results in a substantial clamp load variation. The K-factor is used to calculate flat patterns because it is related to how much material is stretched during bending. 20: Lubricated: 0. ANTI-SEIZE Stainless does not contain copper and exhibits extremely low sulphur and chlorine. mild steel 0. Minor or dynamic pressure loss in pipe or tube system components can be expressed as. *The TYCO Series TY-L 5. Roughness (mm) Drawn Tubing, Glass, Plastic. Canvas belt, woven, on steel. I founded this site back in 2011 intending to provide solutions to various engineering and programming problems. One item of note: The K factor found in the "Machinists Handbook" (Industrial Press Inc. For copper-woundalloy steel fasteners. 2, θ = σ 0. Fn for stainless steel spring steel is approx. a. Type 304 has good processability, weldability,. For structural steel A36, the limits for the slenderness ratio are: For short columns: 40 ≤ (KL/r) For intermediate columns. 3572×10-3 m3. The k-factor is fundamental in the press-bending sector and is closely linked to the concept of spring back. Metric K-factor shown is for use when pressure is measured in bar. This article summarizes the thermal conductivity of stainless steel 304 and 316 at various temperatures in annealed condition, also other stainless steel grades. Finally, use the formula for thermal expansion:. 4. 6 times value for smooth bend. I. 50. R. Lawrence Convention Center, Pittsburgh (2003) 26. 2 in. The thermal conductivity of the stainless steel is 19 W/(m K) and the thermal conductivity of the insulation board is 0. 17. 16. K-Factor. The nut factor, K, sums up the combined effects of many variables affecting. It contains at least 10. Hazen-Williams Coefficients Table. These are 304 SS material. Horizontal Sidewall. 7 C). (Type X,Y,K,L,M), HDPE (SDR 7. Here we need to discuss: Non-Lubricated Bolts (a. Lead- and nickel-free anti-seize paste used to reduce wear and optimize friction of threaded fasteners, or other metal-to-metal joints, enabling nondestructive dismantling, even after long exposure to high temperatures. Steel pipe with other pipe wall thick-nesses are permitted to be used when the pipe is specially listed. Various K Factors: Typical Steel Bolt: 0. More info. h l = Head Loss (m/100 m). Continue to determine the radius of gyration r according to the cross-section of the column: r = √(I / A). 7 333 8 in-lbs 10 in-lbs 858 18 in-lbs 20 in-lbs 27 in-lbs 1228 25 in-lbs 29 in-lbs 39 in-lbs 1436 29 in-lbs 34 in-lbs 45 in-lbs 5 0. 882 kcal/h m 2 o C - Unit Converter; Note that these coefficients are very rough. This formula considers the diverse geometries and properties of the parts to be formed. Multiply the volume with density to get the 12 mm steel weight:300 K vacuum vessels but care must be taken that breaks. Hardcover. Circular Ring - Temperature Expansion Calculate ring (or pipe) diameter expansion or contraction when temperature changes. A spring bacK-Factor of Ks=1 means there is. Sponsored Links. 5, leading to a K-Factor of approximately . If we know the Reynolds number and the roughness - the friction coefficient - λ - in the particular flow can be calculated. 0. factor that measures the severity of an existing crack in a material in terms of its size, the applied stress and the overall geometry. 001 ft. First, we must start with the k factor: Another way to determine the k factor is by following the “rule of thumb”. 64-Rubber (60 A Belt) Rubber (40 A Belt) . f = Coefficient of friction factor or Coefficient of friction factor. The “K” factor is a power constant that represents the number of cubic inches of metal per minute that can be removed by one horsepower. It comes with option of several k-factors and spray angles and. An average and commonly used value for the K-factor is 0. steel research international is a metallurgy journal for the research and development of steel and related materials. 33 to . ξ = minor loss coefficient Δ p minor_loss = minor pressure loss (Pa (N/m 2 ), psf (lb/ft 2 ) ) . A slenderness ratio greater than. 0, 115 metric. Derating factor at 482°F (250°C) is 0. 2 and 0. K-factor (centrifugation), relative pelleting efficiency. The thickness is usually specified using a. Select an item in Units to set the unit of measurement. 5% is ideal. 004 : 0. The Y and K-Factors affect how the part stretches when transitioning from a flat pattern to a finished. Pipe Size. 10. Automotive industry. I am primarily processing stainless steel, 304 and 316, with a range of thickness from 1. I have tried it today and it doesn't seem to give exactly the result I was expecting. K-factor Stainless Steel Pendent and Recessed Pendent Sprinklers must be installed in accordance with this section. By definition, “stainless” steel must contain at least 10. Completely rough: u*ε/ν > 70. 1 bar (30 psi) minimum OPERATING 4. 15 K = 0. To calculate K-factor: Enter the material thickness, T = 1 mm. Stainless steel prevents rusting because of its composition. It is used in applications with an operating range of -65° to +2,400°F (-54°C to. As a leader in price assessments, CRU releases monthly prices for chrome. Bulletin 038. The growth increases linearly with increasing ΔK and above ΔK th. ) representing the length change per degree per unit length, e. W. d = Pitch Diameter (m) K Df = Nut Friction Diameter (m) μ = oefficient of Friction Fastener Material Coefficient of Friction (μ) K-Factor 304 Stainless Steel 0. . The properties of 304 stainless steel including chemical properties, physical characteristics, thermal properties and mechanical properties, etc. 001 −0. A common name for 304 stainless is 18/8. Note: Don’t confuse K-Factor with low coefficient of friction, which is not used for this calculation. 01. 7 W/(m K). 18: Cadmium-Plated: 0. Bend Radii And K Factors For 304 Stainless Steel. However, the washer is normally flat by. Page: F_102905. It is mainly used for its excellent corrosion and temperature resistance and is especially valued for applications in the marine and chemical processing industries. 4 Btu/ft·h·°F at 212 °F), yield. At this level, chromium reacts5. Figure 2: Diagram depicting the location of steel in an airplane. 17 8. R = Inside Bend Radius; A = Bending Angle; T = Sheet Thickness; K = Value of K-Factor. & Yu, W. However, continuous use at 425-860°C is not recommended if corrosion resistance in water is required. 1 mm). Silver Fern Stainless is a Victoria-based business specializing in the highest quality stainless steel and aluminum. . Bending Allowance = A*π/180* (R+K*T) BA – Bend Allowance. 6 K-factor, Upright (TY315) and Pendent (TY325) Sprinklers are intended for fire protec-tion systems designed in accordance with the standard installation rules recognized by the applicable Listing or Approval agency. 33 K factor 0. F1XLH and F1FRXLH Series Standard Spray Sprinklers. 2, k u, θ = σ u, θ / σ u), a factor k 2 %, θ (denoted g 2, θ the in the Euro Inox/SCI Design Manual [16]) used to determine the elevated temperature. 7. The general rule here is this: The softer the material, the tighter the inside radius. 0. by：East King 2020-08-30. Grade 2 Titanium. 2, θ / σ 0. 0 Nominal K Factor S. Water - Thermal Conductivity vs. 33 K factor 0. The properties of 304 stainless steel including chemical properties, physical characteristics, thermal properties and mechanical properties, etc. The K-factor also increases with harder materials such as steel and stainless steel but never exceeds the 0. need some help on a place to start with the bend allowance calcs. The conductive heat transport through the layered wall can be calculated asGage Factor 2. Stainless steel sprinkler joins Viking’s wide selection of corrosion resistant sprinkler options including “Electroless Nickel PTFE” (ENT) plated sprinklers, which are available throughout a significant portion of the Viking sprinkler product line. Corrosion fatigue crack growth for many systems occurs only above a certain threshold stress intensity factor Δ K th. 35. Bend Radii And K Factors For 304 Stainless Steel. The letter t denotes this rotation of the neutral axis in Figure 2. An analysis of harmonic loads and a calculation of the K Factor. For this reason, the K-factor is reduced by about 35%. ANTI-SEIZE Stainless is a nickel-free anti-seize paste specifically designed for stainless steel, nimonic and silver-coated fasteners, particularly those subjected to high temperatures for long periods in the aerospace, automotive and power generation industries. 35 K = 0. 5–1° whereas the same thickness sheet with a ±68 mm bend radius can have springback as much as 30°. 3 which will result in K factor of 0. , Thermal Conductivity and Electrical Resistivity Standard Reference Materials: Austentic Stainless Steel, SRM 735 and 798, From 4 to 1200 K, NBS Special Publication 260-46, 1975. itic stainless steel that is molybdenum alloyed for enhanced corrosion resistance in chloride environments. (10-6 in/ (in oF)) Admiralty Brass. 15%, and the minimum chromium content is only 1% less than 304. 20: Zinc-Plated: 0. Thermal Conductivity - Online Converter Convert between thermal conductivity units. The k-factor is just a multiplier that provides a precise estimate of the new position of the neutral axis. We bend lots of stainless, which in terms of hardness, is. L = Length of the coil or pipe. Simple. Let’s start with 90 degrees bend which is the most simple scenario. 998. To understand how the nut factor compares to the terms in the long-form equations, let’s consider the so-called Motosh equation: × [ (P/2 ) + (μ/cos ) + (μ = input torque, = fastener preload. 0. Mechanical Properties Typical Values at 68°F (20°C) Yield Strength Ultimate Tensile Elongation Hardness 0. Where: T = Target Input Torque (ft-lb) This is your input torque from your torque wrench determined by your specified torque. The bend allowance describes the length of the neutral axis between the bend lines, or in other words, the arc length of the bend. The proposed ASCE ASD Specification includes four types of austenitic stainless steels (Types 201, 301, 304, and 316) and three types of ferritic stainless steels (Types 409, 430, and 439). See full size image. Note: TYCO series TY-L 8. Here we need to discuss: Non-Lubricated Bolts (a. 0. Modulus of elasticity 193 GPa. 84. May be mildly magnetic. 20 Ecoguard K = 0. Thermal Resistivity and Conductivity The ability of a material to resist flow of heat. 2 bar (60 psi) maximum PRESSURE END CONNECTION 1/2" BSPT (1/2” NPT Optional) K-FACTOR K-42 Standard (K-2. The most common grade of austenitic stainless steel is 304 (1. For 6 inches Insulation: multiply by 0. r = relative roughness. C (68. 100 0. oCompDef = ThisDoc. In most cases for built-up metal cladding, ∆U’’ = 0. 75. DIN 913 Flat Point; DIN 914 Cone Point; DIN 915 Dog Point; DIN 916 / ISO 4029 Cup Point; A2/A4 Stainless Steel; DIN 479-8. The k-factor is found by dividing time by the thickness of the material: The formula for the k-factor is t/Mt. ) by Elias A. Product code: 06398G. Drawn Brass, Copper, Stainless Steel (New) >0. 93 1. For example, the percentage can be anything from 20% to 22% for 304 stainless steel but is often between 13% and 15% for H-series soft aluminium. 2% carbon and other alloying elements. Bend allowance is the amount of extra material you need to add while calculating the flat pattern of any sheet metal part. Swagelok Tube Fittings Up to 1 in . 0 K-factor Stain - less Steel Pendent Sprinkler cannot be installed in a recess pendent arrangement. Carbon and Mild Steel. Flexible Rubber Tubing - Smooth. To help you begin I’ve included a K-Factor Chart below which contains common K-Factor starting points, good for general fabrication, for steel, aluminum and stainless steel. It has been proven. T – material thickness in m. Concrete (Dry) Rubber. Relative roughness - the ratio between absolute roughness an pipe or duct diameter - is important when calculating pressure loss in ducts or pipes with the Colebrook Equation . Churchill Friction Factor Formulae and. This is a decently conservative approach that will likely satisfy the majority of. Type QL transformers meet DOE 2016 efficiency standards. Or the inside radius of the dimple plus 3 times material thickness. F f = μ N (1). The SUS445 stainless steel contains small. static, impending slip. T1 in T2 out ∆1 T1 out T2 in ∆2 Higher Θ Temperature. BD = (2 x OSSB) – BA. 0. As a result, carbon steel, which contains little chromium, is harder, but. 62-Rubber (60 A Belt) Rubber (60 A Belt) . 88. 0) Pendent; Concealed Pendent;316 Stainless Steel, Steel, Brass and Monel® Alloy 400 construction Inline and angle patterns Wide variety of US Customary and SI ports Panel mountable 100% factory tested Optional color coded handles Specifications Pressure Ratings: 316 Stainless Steel: 5000 psig (345 bar) CWP Brass, Steel and Monel® Alloy 400: 3000 psig (207 bar) CWPNote 4: NFPA 13 requires that steel pipe used in a sprinkler or a standpipe system be either Schedule 10 or Schedule 40 pipe. Achieving Proper Bolt Torque: An Introduction to K-Factor. 25, it means that the neutral layer is located at 25% of the thickness of the part sheet metal material. However, studies have found that wear coefficient is more suitable. 42. 33 K factor 0. Includes additional data and reference information carefully. 3 depending on the raw material. To help you begin I’ve included a K-Factor Chart below which contains common K-Factor starting points, good for general fabrication, for steel, aluminum and stainless steel. F f = frictional force (N, lb). 5 for standard materials and thicknesses though smaller and larger K-Factors are possible. 16. Using the table of fittings and K. Created a custom iProperty and push the k-factor from the current sheet-metal style through to it. 44 (cr4/hr4) stainless steel 0. Processing may include polishing, or the applying of protective plastics which will decrease or increase a sheet’s thickness respectively. The K-factor and the Y-factor assess the sheet metal's response to bending and the degree to which it can be bent. American Society for Metals ASM International ASM World Headquarters 9639. 8 Steel BZP 0. K-Factors for TX series flow meters are valid ONLY for meters purchased after January 1, 2011. To calculate the bend allowance, the K factor and the derived coefficient called the Y factor, insert the thickness and initial length of the sheet into the cells on the left. The higher strength comes at the cost of lower corrosion resistance at higher temperatures. Above all, it becomes essential to make sure that you’re shopping for it from an eligible fabricator. 15 K = 0. AISI 301 Stainless Steel (UNS S30100) AISI 301 stainless steel (UNS S30100) is the most susceptible to cold deformation strengthening among conventional austenitic stainless steels. Stainless Steel Stainless steel is a family of iron-based alloys that must contain at least 10. The value of the K-factor is influenced by the material properties and. The K factor is directly related to how much material is stretched during the bend.